The Present Condition of the Jains

Summary

In “The Present Condition of the Jains,” Manilal H. Udani of Rajkot offers a candid assessment of the community’s position in the early twentieth century. He observes that Jains, once prominent in the administration of several princely states, have lost many of their high offices and now hold few eminent positions in the public sphere. He notes that other communities have advanced rapidly in trade, industry, education and governance while many Jains have remained satisfied with inherited privileges and internal disputes. A particular concern is unemployment: Udani points out that a number of educated Jains are without work. To address this he proposes that the community compile a register of unemployed members so that Jain employers can offer them opportunities and reduce idleness. He criticises the large sums wasted on litigation over temples and pilgrim sites—money that he feels could be better spent on education, social service and propagating the faith. He also laments the factionalism that leads to duplication of institutions and the squandering of temple funds on ceremonial feasts and festivals. To counter these tendencies he advocates for unity across sub‑sects and for a spirit of compromise in disputes. Udani recommends convening a small conference of about a hundred leading members representing all sub‑sects and shades of opinion to formulate a programme for the community’s organisation, solidarity and progress. This deputation should tour the country to rally support, mobilise resources and work for the welfare of the entire community irrespective of sectarian affiliation. He stresses that charities should prioritise education, the preservation and publication of sacred texts and measures to improve the economic condition of poor Jains. The article thus combines criticism of complacency with constructive proposals for reform. Udani appeals to readers’ sense of responsibility and urges them not only to safeguard their heritage but also to adapt to contemporary challenges by promoting employment, learning and co‑ordinated action. His recommendations reveal a vision of a community that is self‑reliant, socially engaged and united by common ideals rather than divided by narrow sectarianism.