The Early Chronology of Nepal
By K. G. Sankar
Summary
Re-examining early Nepalese history, the author critiques earlier chronologies based on unreliable Vamsavalis and misdated inscriptions. After reviewing inscriptions dated in Vikrama, Harsha and Nepal Samvats, he proposes a revised sequence of early kings, beginning with Vṛsadeva (c.350 A.D.) and ending with Gunakamadeva (c.683 A.D.). Kings like Śaṅkaradeva, Dharmadeva, Māṇadeva I, Mahīdeva, Vasantadeva, Udayadeva, Dhruvadeva, Māṇadeva II, Śivadeva I & II and Narendradeva are assigned approximate dates based on reinterpreted eras. The article situates the Lichchhavi rulers amid shifts of power and notes how prime ministers like Amshuvarman sometimes eclipsed the monarch. By anchoring dates to inscriptional evidence rather than later chronicles, the study clarifies Nepal’s interactions with India and Tibet.
Conclusion
Through critical analysis of inscriptional dates and dynastic lists, the author establishes a coherent chronology for early Nepalese kings. This rectifies earlier errors, places the Lichchhavi dynasty in proper temporal context and facilitates comparison with contemporary Indian and Tibetan events.