Jain Shrines of Tamilnadu

Summary

This article provides an extensive survey of ancient and active Jain shrines in Tamil Nadu, highlighting their religious, architectural, and historical significance. It begins by emphasizing the importance of Tirtha Darshan (pilgrimage) in Jain life and notes the Digambara affiliation of most Tamil Jains. Key highlights include: 1. Geographical Spread: Jain shrines and villages are distributed across districts such as Chengalpattu, North Arcot, South Arcot, and Madras. 2. Population: As of 1981, around 50,000 Jains lived in Tamil Nadu, mostly in rural areas across 100+ villages, many of which have active or historical temples. 3. Cultural Identity: Tamil Jains are largely agriculturists, conservative in lifestyle, and have maintained distinct Tamil language and architectural styles. 4. Historic Temples: Many temples date back to 2nd–3rd century BCE, with patronage from Pallavas, Cholas, and Vijayanagara rulers. Notable places include Jinakanchi, Tirumalai, Ponnur, Melsithamoor, and Thirunarungkondai. 5. Monastic Traditions: The only surviving Jain matha is at Jinakanchi, led by Bhattaraka Laxmisena.