Student Politics in Princely Mysore (1932-47): Youth Leagues and Nationalist Agitation

Summary

The period 1932-1947 in Mysore witnessed significant student political activism, marked by the formation of youth leagues and increasing resistance to colonial rule. Student movements were initially influenced by the Indian National Congress, with organizations like the Hindustan Seva Dal (1929) and Mysore State Youth League (1929) coordinating nationalist efforts, including khadi promotion and anti-foreign goods campaigns. Despite repressive measures, such as the 1931 ban on youth organizations by Bangalore District authorities, students continued organizing conferences and flag-hoisting events, often defying police prohibitions. The left-wing National Youth League (NYL) and Mass Awakener’s Union (MAU), formed in 1932 and 1937 respectively, later radicalized the movement, focusing on socio-political issues and mobilizing students against communal divisions. Key figures like Savoi Ashwath Rao and S.V.N. Murthy played pivotal roles in these groups, which sought to expand their influence through conferences and protests. The 1937 Mysore State Youth Congress, aimed at addressing political and social issues, became a platform for leftist recruitment despite state repression, including bans under Section 45 of the Mysore Police Regulation. Notable agitations included the "Nariman episode" and the "Sec 45 M.P.R. Day" protests in 1937, where students defied prohibitory orders, leading to arrests and widespread strikes. The movement reflected broader discontent among students over educational limitations and political stagnation, culminating in mass participation in the national struggle for independence.