Exploring Jain Terminology: Shraman Dharma and Self-Reliance
By Dilip V. Shah, Jitendra B. Shah
Summary
The Bhogilal Leharchand Institute of Indology, located within the Vijay Vallabh Smarak Tirth Mandir Complex in Delhi, is a research and educational institution focused on Indian philosophy, particularly Prakrit language and Jain scriptures. Established in 1980 in Patan, Gujarat, by the Bhogilal family trust, the institute promotes Indology, Jainology, and Indian culture. It was inspired by Acharya Vallabh Surishwar Maharaj, who emphasized education as a means to dispel ignorance. Dr. Jitendra B. Shah, a scholar of Jain philosophy and manuscriptology, serves as a key figure, having authored 12 books and over 150 research articles. The institute operates internationally and is recognized for its contributions to scholarly work in Indian philosophy. The article explores Jain terminology, particularly "Shraman Dharma," which predates the term "Jain Dharma." It explains that Jainism is rooted in self-reliance, derived from the Sanskrit word "Shram," meaning effort or labor. The Shraman tradition emphasizes penance, knowledge, and spiritual progress through individual effort, with the individual being the primary cause (Kartā) of their life's outcomes. The text underscores the importance of self-conquest, citing a verse from the Samansuttarih, which advocates fighting inner enemies rather than external ones to achieve supreme happiness. The article also highlights the historical and cultural significance of Jainism, including its classification alongside other Shraman traditions like Buddhism and Ajivika.
Conclusion
This document highlights the Bhogilal Leharchand Institute of Indology's role in advancing Jain studies and Indian philosophy through research, education, and manuscriptology, emphasizing its historical roots and scholarly contributions. It underscores the importance of self-reliance (Shraman Dharma) in Jainism, linking it to spiritual progress and individual responsibility. The text also explores Jain terminology, ethical principles, and the historical context of Jainism, while showcasing the institute's academic initiatives and global outreach. The implications of this work include preserving Jain heritage, fostering scholarly discourse, and promoting self-awareness and ethical living, positioning the institute as a key contributor to Indological and Jainological research.