जैन दर्शन में सर्वज्ञता एवं सर्वज्ञान का स्वरूप (Omniscience in Jain Philosophy)
By Sadhvi Siddhayaika
Summary
“जैन दर्शन में सर्वज्ञता एवं सर्वज्ञान का स्वरूप” examines the Jain concept of omniscience. The article begins by explaining the terms sarvajñata (omniscience) and sarvajña (the omniscient being) and how Jain scriptures present the omniscient as one who perceives all substances and their modes simultaneously without sensory mediation. The author traces discussions from canonical texts like the Tattvartha‑sūtra and Pravacanasāra and commentaries that define the attributes of an omniscient soul, such as perfect knowledge, perception, bliss and power. The article contrasts Jain omniscience with similar notions in Buddhist and Advaita Vedānta traditions, highlighting Jainism’s insistence that omniscience is a real, attainable state for liberated souls rather than a poetic metaphor. The author further discusses philosophical debates about whether an omniscient being can make mistakes or whether omniscience is limited by time and space. Another section examines epistemological arguments used by Jain logicians to defend the possibility of omniscience against skeptics. The article also addresses how the concept functions in Jain ethics: belief in omniscient Tīrthankaras provides authoritative guidance on conduct and motivates practitioners to follow the path of purification. By critically analysing textual sources and philosophical arguments, the author presents a comprehensive overview of how omniscience is understood in Jain thought.
Conclusion
The essay concludes that Jainism’s doctrine of omniscience is both a metaphysical claim and a practical inspiration. It affirms that souls, upon complete purification, can achieve absolute knowledge, and this belief underpins the authority of scriptural teachings. By contrasting Jain views with other Indian philosophies, the article shows the uniqueness of Jain epistemology and encourages readers to appreciate the rigorous reasoning behind the doctrine.