स्वतंत्रता का सूत्रधार : जैन धर्म-दर्शन

Summary

The text explores the core principles of Jainism, emphasizing the inseparable relationship between non-violence (ahimsa) and equanimity (samata). It asserts that without equanimity, non-violence cannot develop, and without non-violence, equanimity cannot be established. Non-violence is considered the foundation for other virtues like truth, non-stealing, chastity, and non-possessiveness, and is described in Jain scriptures as the supreme science. The text distinguishes Jainism as a path of self-conquest, where the term 'Jina' refers to conquerors of inner passions like attachment and aversion. It highlights that Jainism is not personality-worshipping but reveres qualities, as seen in its primary mantra which salutes spiritual exemplars like the Arhats and Siddhas. The philosophy is presented as non-creationist, viewing the universe as beginningless and endless, and dualistic, accepting the independent existence of both matter (jada) and consciousness (chetana). It is characterized as a scientific religion, rejecting blind faith and emphasizing personal experience and rational inquiry, with doctrines like Anekantavada (non-absolutism) resonating with modern scientific thought. The text stresses self-effort (purusharthavada), stating each individual is the architect of their own destiny. It underscores the importance of social and mental equality, noting that the Jain spiritual order historically included members from all castes without discrimination. The article concludes by linking Jain ideals to contemporary values, citing Dr. Radhakrishnan's view that Jainism meets the demands of the modern age by promoting freedom, democracy, socialism, and secularism, and noting the influence of Jain thought on figures like Mahatma Gandhi and Acharya Vinoba Bhave.