Chola Dynasty Inscriptions Unveiled: Archaeological Discoveries from Terriruveli and Maligaimedu
By S.Vasanthi
Summary
The Journal of Indian History and Culture discusses the discovery of 8,400 inscribed potsherds from Maligaimedu and Terriruveli, offering insights into Tamil political and cultural history. These potsherds, found during excavations by Tamil Nadu's Department of Archaeology, primarily contain fragmentary inscriptions in Archaic Tamil script, often personal names. At Terriruveli, six potsherds feature early Tamil script, including names like Korra and Nedunkili, linked to Chola and Pandya kings. Nedunkili, mentioned in Sangam literature, is noted as a Chola ruler whose conflict with Nalankili is described in poetic accounts. The sherds' paleographic analysis dates them to 1st–3rd century AD, supported by stratigraphic evidence. Maligaimedu yielded eight fragmentary inscribed sherds, mostly red slipped ware, dated similarly. These findings highlight the social and cultural dynamics of early Tamil kingdoms, including royal conflicts and territorial disputes. The study underscores the archaeological significance of these sites in understanding Tamil history, with acknowledgments to former Director A. Abdul Majeeth for facilitating research.
Conclusion
The discovery of inscribed potsherds at Maligaimedu and Terriruveli provides significant insights into the political and cultural landscape of early historic Tamilakam. The identification of Chola and Pandya royal names, such as Nedunkili and Korra, on these sherds highlights the dynastic rivalries and territorial claims documented in Sangam literature. The presence of Archaic Tamil script on these artifacts, dated between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD, offers valuable epigraphic evidence for understanding the linguistic evolution and administrative practices of the period. The findings also reveal the first recorded instance of Chola inscriptions in the Pandya region, suggesting cross-dynastic interactions. Stratigraphic and palaeographic analyses further corroborate the chronology of these sites, bridging gaps in the archaeological record. These discoveries enhance our understanding of the socio-political dynamics and regional power struggles that shaped early Tamil history.