जैन आगम साहित्य : उद्भव और सर्वमान्यता
Summary
The text discusses the Jain Agama Sūtrakṛtāṅga, the second of the twelve Aṅgas. It begins by explaining the principle of "calamāṇe calie" (moving is moved) from the perspective of anekānta (non-absolutism), contrasting it with the ekānta (absolutist) view that led to a schism with Mahāvīra. The name Sūtrakṛtāṅga is analyzed through three etymologies: Sūtakṛta (originating from Mahāvīra and composed by Gaṇadharas), Sūtrakṛta (teaching truths according to sūtras), and Sūcakṛta (providing information about one's own and others' viewpoints). The text notes that while all Aṅgas are derived from Mahāvīra, only this one is called Sūtrakṛta. The Sūtrakṛtāṅga is classified under both caraṇakaraṇānuyoga (conduct) and dravyānuyoga (substance), depending on the commentator's perspective. It has two Śrutaskandhas (sections), with the first being older and in verse, and the second later and in prose. The first has sixteen chapters, the second seven, with a total of 36,000 padas originally, though the extant version is shorter. The subject matter includes a comparative exposition of Jain and non-Jain philosophies, listing 180 kriyāvādins, 84 akriyāvādins, 67 ajñānavādins, and 32 vinayavādins. It discusses karma, saṃsāra, and the causes of bondage like ārambha (activity) and parigraha (possessiveness). The text emphasizes the synthesis of knowledge and conduct for liberation, as in the verse "bujjhejja tiudaṭṭhejjā." It
Conclusion
The document underscores the profound implications of the *anekantavada* (non-absolutism) principle, particularly as articulated in the *Sutrakritanga*, for resolving contemporary conflicts. By rejecting rigid, one-sided viewpoints that foster sectarian strife and violence, this ancient text offers a timeless framework for dialogue and coexistence. The analysis reveals that the *Sutrakritanga* systematically critiques dogmatic stances—such as those of the *kriyavada*, *akriyavada*, and *ajnanavada*—while establishing a nuanced, relational understanding of truth. The outcome is a philosophical foundation that not only clarifies Jain doctrine but also provides a practical antidote to modern ideological polarization. Ultimately, the document demonstrates that this scripture’s emphasis on contextual, multi-faceted perception remains critically relevant, offering a path to mitigate communal tensions and foster mutual respect in a diverse world.