Relations Between the Calukyas of Gujarat With the Bhatis of Jaisalmer

Summary

This historical study by Ram Vallabh Somani examines the political and cultural interactions between the Solanki (Chaulukya) rulers of Gujarat and the Bhati clan of Jaisalmer during the medieval period. Somani begins by outlining the rise of the Bhatis, who established control over the desert stronghold of Jaisalmer and often clashed with neighbouring powers. He notes that while both the Solankis and Bhatis traced their lineage to ancient royal houses, their relations fluctuated between hostility and alliance. Drawing on inscriptions, chronicles and bardic narratives, the article describes several battles in which the Bhatis defended their territory against Solanki expansion and recounts instances where marital alliances were forged to secure peace. Somani highlights that economic ties were also significant: caravan routes linking Gujarat’s prosperous ports to the Thar desert passed through Bhati domains, making cooperation mutually advantageous. The article analyses the role of intermediaries such as the Vaghela and Parmar clans in mediating disputes and facilitating trade. Somani argues that by the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, a balance of power had emerged that allowed both dynasties to maintain autonomy while engaging in occasional military campaigns. He emphasises that understanding these regional dynamics sheds light on the broader political landscape of western India before the advent of Delhi Sultanate rule. The study concludes by suggesting that more research into local records, folk songs and oral traditions could enrich our knowledge of the nuanced relationships between desert and coastal powers.