The Art of Pantomime in Kerala

Summary

This article explores a traditional form of pantomime in Kerala known as Kūttu or Kūṭiyāṭṭam, where narratives from Sanskrit dramas are enacted through elaborate gestures, facial expressions and body movements rather than spoken dialogue. The author describes the training of performers, who learn complex mudrās (hand gestures) and facial techniques to convey emotions and actions. The performances take place in Koothambalams (temple theatres) and involve characters from plays such as the Nāṭyaśāstra and Bhasa’s dramas. The article notes that the art emphasises abhinaya (expression) and dhvani (suggestion), with musicians providing rhythmic accompaniment. It discusses how the pantomime preserves ancient acting techniques and has a ritual component, being performed as part of temple festivals. The author argues that studying this art form provides insights into the performance aspects of classical Sanskrit theatre and demonstrates the endurance of traditional performing arts in Kerala.