Telugu Songs, Theatre, and Cinema in South India's Freedom Struggle

Summary

This paper examines the role of Telugu songs, theatre, and cinema in South India during the freedom struggle, focusing on how these art forms disseminated anti-colonial sentiments and mobilized the masses. It highlights the contributions of key figures like Garimella Satyanarayana, whose patriotic songs, such as *Makodee tella doratanam* ("We don’t want this white man’s rule"), became symbols of resistance. His works, including *Swarajya Geethamulu* (Songs of Self-Rule), were banned by British authorities, leading to his imprisonment under sedition charges. Garimella’s writings also addressed social issues like untouchability and promoted Gandhian principles, blending nationalism with calls for social justice. The study also explores the historical context of Telugu song traditions, tracing their evolution from medieval poets like Annamayya and Kshetrayya to modern nationalist expressions. Additionally, it mentions Basavaraju Venkata Appa Rao, whose patriotic and socially conscious songs, such as *Maa Gandhi* and *Jateeyapataaakam* (National Flag), resonated with the public. The role of music in the freedom movement is further illustrated through Ghantasala Venkateswara Rao, a renowned singer and composer who participated in the Quit India Movement and used his art to make nationalist messages accessible to the masses. The paper underscores how these cultural forms transcended literacy barriers, uniting people across social strata in the struggle for independence. It emphasizes the enduring relevance of these works in reflecting the ideals of patriotism, equality, and non-violence that defined the Indian freedom movement.